territorial seas ap human geographyabigail johnson nantucket home

In general, a State has more rights in zones near to its coastline than it does further into the ocean. Freedom of the seas definition is the doctrine in which coastal countries used to handle the topic of international waters. LOSC, Article 136. Hugo Grotius wrote the doctrine because of an issue between the English, who claimed that Dutch ships were trespassing in English waters and took all the Dutch goods. Territoriality is a way for animals, including humans, to mark their territory and defend it from intruders. Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. Define territorial sea. The Law of the Sea definition is a doctrine created by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea which covers the traditions and treaties set forth by countries to avoid conflict over the ocean. As seen in the graphic below, the LOSC divides the ocean into six different zones: Internal waters are all the waters that fall landward of the baseline, such as lakes, rivers, and tidewaters. The Spratly Islands have been claimed, fought over, and continue to be disputed by numerous countries, such as the Philippines, Taiwan, China, Malaysia, and Vietnam. Two classic examples of fragmented states are Indonesia and the Philippines because they are states comprised of a few big islands and dozens of smaller islands. Artem has a doctor of veterinary medicine degree. Protection of human life 70 Article 147. Territorial Sea. 5030 of March 10, 1983, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The dispute over the Gulf of Sidra illustrates the challenges posed by bays and straight baselines. AP Human Geography Unit 4 | Geography - Quizizz Seabed beyond a coastal States EEZs and Continental Shelf claims is known under the LOSC as the Area. 8 AP Human Notes Political geography - the study of power Cooperation & conflict are the jet fuel of power Political space - a balance of cooperation (holding a state together) & conflict (internal diversity like independence movements may place strains on the state) States have REGIONS (administrative regions), sub-state regions (provinces, etc.) http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/nauticalmile_knot.html. In this zone, a coastal State has the exclusive right to exploit or conserve any resources found within the water, on the sea floor, or under the sea floors subsoil. All right, let's take a moment or two to review what we've learned. Ocean Interfaces & Human Impacts. Moreover, the territory of a state is unbreakable and may not be the object of military occupation or other measure of force. Medford, MA 02155 USA Ch. 8 AP Human Notes.docx - *DIAGRAM! Topics Page Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. The geographic term for a country that is completely surrounded by the territory of more than one other country and has no direct access to the sea is landlocked. Being landlocked is generally considered to be a major disadvantage for a country because that countrymust rely on another country for any goods that are transported by sea. Despite the importance of these resources to the health and security of our nation, only about 40 percent of the U.S. EEZ has been mapped, and significantly less has been fully characterized, meaning that these resources remain poorly understood and undefined. AP Human Geo - 4.6 Internal Boundaries | Fiveable 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. Guam is an example of an occupied territory. Most populous is Puerto Rico,owned by the US. 9th - 12th grade . The CLCS is discussed in more detail in Chapter Eight: The Arctic and the LOSC. GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY. Examples include the U.S. annexation of Texas in 1845, and Germanys annexation of Austria in 1938. 1996 - 2023 National Geographic Society. The term high sea means two things: 1) No state can legally impose its rule on any part of the water and 2) Every part of the sea outside a territorial boundary is a high sea. These rights need to be balanced with the freedom of navigation and access to resources outside State control the freedom of the seas. A state's territorial sea, where it is sovereign, extends 19 kilometers (12 miles) into the sea. Denmark is located southwest of Sweden and due south of Norway and is bordered by the German state (and . War Crimes Overview & List | What is a War Crime? To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Another 19 kilometers (12 miles) out comprises a contiguous zone for sovereign states, in which some control can be exercised (usually police and public-safety functions). The EEZ is a maritime zone established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) that extends 200 nautical miles (370 kilometers) from the baseline of a coastal state. The Heartland Theory suggests that the control of the heartland is crucial to the exercise of global power and influence. You must there are over 200,000 words in our free online dictionary, but you are looking for one thats only in the Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary. Territoriality is more complicated than just maps. This new territory would allow China to control more water to extract natural resources, control more extensive trade routes, and extend areas where they could grow fishing practices to their benefit. Territorial sea - definition of territorial sea by The Free Dictionary . Boundaries Overview & Types | Physical, Political & Cultural Boundaries. AP Human Geography Unit 4. Due to the vulnerability of the surrounded state, it is often vital for that state to maintain good relations with the perforated state that surrounds them. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) - a sea zone over which a state has special rights over the exploration and use of marine resources stretching 200 nautical miles from the coast. These disputes may involve issues such as the rights to use or access certain land, the rights to natural resources, or the rights to build on or develop certain property. According to Ratzel, a nation's territory is like an organism that must grow and expand in order to survive and thrive, and he argued that nations must continuously seek to expand their territory in order to secure the resources and living space they need to prosper. What is the "EEZ"? - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and multi-state . Jurisdiction as provided for in international law with regard to the establishment and use of artificial islands, installations, and structures; marine scientific research; and the protection and preservation of the marine environment. It can be helpful to think of the prefixes "ex-" and "en-" when considering the meaning of exclave and enclave. The prefix "ex-" means outside of and the prefix "en-" means inside of. Create your account, 18 chapters | The high seas are considered to be a global commons, and are governed by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). According to the theory, the heartland is the key to global dominance because it is the most defensible and self-sufficient region in the world. However, the most important types of disputes to know for the AP Human Geography test are: The Law of the Sea addresses issues with states and their water boundaries. Mackinder is known for his work on the concept of the "Heartland," which he developed in his paper "The Geographical Pivot of History" (1904). Choose one of the following three options to assist in the process of learning the vocabulary: 1. But, why do some states grow while others stay weak? Sovereign rights for the purpose of exploring, exploiting, conserving, and managing natural resources of the seabed, subsoil, and waters above it. It was eventually discarded because of issues with increased pollution and the plundering of natural resources. Is AP Human Geography Hard? A Complete Guide | BestColleges The right of innocent passage for foreign vessels within the territorial sea of a coastal State is defined as "navigation through the territorial sea for the purpose of (a) traversing that sea without entering internal waters or calling at a roadstead or port facility outside internal waters; or (b) proceeding to or from internal waters or a call In 1994 the United Nations established the Laws of the Sea. AP Human Geography is an introductory college-level human geography course. Due to the maritime features discussed later in this chapter, the U.S. has the largest EEZ in the world, totaling 3.4 million square nautical miles. National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. PDF United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea States may also establish a contiguous zone from the outer edge of the territorial seas to a maximum of 24 nautical miles from the baseline. Disclaimer The rest of the world's oceans could not be laid claim to by any nation and thus most of the world's maritime resources were essentially open to all. Coastal states also have sovereign rights to what's known as an exclusive economic zone, a 200-nautical-mile area extending from their coastline that allows these states special rights and privileges over other nations to natural resources, research, and environmental protection. Ap Human Geography unit 4 study guide Flashcards | Quizlet However, the nation (or nations) controlling the strait regulates the way passages are made. Despite its criticisms, Mackinder's work remains an important part of the study of geopolitics and has had a lasting impact on the field of geography. Territoriality - AP Human Geography - Varsity Tutors It proposes that the "rimland," the coastal regions surrounding the "heartland" (the interior of the Eurasian landmass), is the most important area in the world because it is the center of the world's sea power. The economic rights within the continental shelf extend only to non-living resources and sedentary living resources, such as shellfish. Boundaries can be established for a variety of reasons, such as to protect property or resources, to mark the limits of a political entity, or to distinguish one area from another.

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