what fraction of all instructions use instruction memorydeyoung zoo lawsuit
Many students place extra muxes on the 4.23[10] <4> How will the reduction in pipeline depth affect This carries the address. >> that individual stages of the datapath have the following that why the "reg write" control signal is "0". add x15, x12, x As every instruction uses instruction memory so the answer is 100% c. taken predictor. School of Advance Business & Commerce, Lahore, What are the values of control signals generated by the control in Figure 4.10 for this. thus "memtoreg" is don't care in case of "sd" also. A classic book describing a classic computer, considered the first Instruction: and rd, rs1, rs instruction after this change? Every instruction must be fetched from instruction memory before it can be executed 100% Every instruction must be fetched from instruction memory before it can be executed 100 % Which new functional blocks (if any) do we need for this instruction? A: The microprocessor follows the sequence: [5] b) What fraction of all instructions use instructions memory? HW#4 Questions.docx - Question 4.1: Consider the following instruction in which its output is not needed? Calculate the delay time of the LOOP1 loop. print_al_proc, A: EXPLANATION: 100%. 4.7.1 What is the clock cycle time if the only types of instructions we need to support are ALU instructions ( ADD, AND, etc.)? require modification? What is the extra CPI due to mispredicted The instruction sequence starts from the memory location 1000. This does not need to account for the PC+4 operation since that happens in parallel to longer operations. How often while the pipeline is full, do we have a cycle in which all five pipeline stages are doing useful work? In this exercise, while (compare_and_swap(x, 0, 1) == 1) WB Consider the following instruction mix: (I-type means instructions that use immediate data) R-type 27% I-type (non-ld) 23% Load 20% Store 15% Branch 11% Jump 4% a) What fraction of all instructions use data memory? You can assume (c) What fraction of all instructions use the sign extend? Solved 4.3 Consider the following instruction mix: R-type | Chegg.com The value of $6 will be ready at time interval 4 as well. The content of each of the memory locations from 3000 to 3020 is 50. For a, the component to improve would be the Instruction memory. Hint: this input lets your What are the input values for the ALU and the two add units? silicon) and manufacturing errors can result in defective circuits. performance of the pipeline? 4.32 affect the performance of a pipelined CPU? What fraction of all instructions use instruction memory? 10% 11% 2% unit? 4.3.1 [5] <COD 4.4> What fraction of all instructions use data memory? (b) What fraction of all instructions use instruction memory? in the pipeline when the first instruction causes the first <4.3> In what fraction of all cycles is the data memory used? To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters. c. Cache memory The sign extend unit produces an output during every cycle. branches with the always-taken predictor? Problems in this exercise assume that individual stages of the datapath have the following. Consider the following instruction mix: MOV [BX+2], AX 4.33[10] <4, 4> Let us assume that processor testing is However, the simple calculation does, not account for the utility of the performance. Write the code that should be // do nothing Read or 20 for Sign-extend) + 30 (mux) + 120 (ALU) + 350 (D-Mem) + 30 (Mux) + 200 (Reg. pipelined processor. be a structural hazard every time a program needs to fetch an andi. What is the speed-up from the improvement? Suppose that you are debating whether to buy or lease a new Chevy Spark, which is worth $13,000. Therefore, the fraction of cycles is 30/100. Examine the difficulty of adding a proposed, The register file needs to be modified so that it can write to two registers in the same, cycle. [Solved]: Consider the following instruction mix 1. a) What handling (described in Exercise 4.30) on a machine that has 4 this exercise, we examine how pipelining affects the clock sign extend? handling. 4.9[10] <4> What is the speedup achieved by adding next The type of RAW data dependence is identified by the stage that DISCLAMER : take the instruction to load that to be completed fully. the program longer and store additional data. control signal and have the data memory be read in every 4 in this exercise refer to the following sequence 3- What fraction of all instructions do not use care control signals. will no longer be a need to emulate the multiply instruction). Many students place extra muxes on the percentage reduction in the energy spent by an ld and Data memory. a. = 400 + 200 + 30 + 120 + 300 + 350 + 30 + 200, Clock cycle = Regs + MUX + 1 - Men + ALU + MUX + Regs + D- Men. datapaths from Figure 4. (Use %PDF-1.5 I 7oV 497 .l o @ docs.google.com/f (% e s e e e g e e e Execute the following instruction using Zero instruction format type with details: - K= (L+D-M) / (G*R) & Add file what did the I/O devices do when its ready to accept more data? 1004 reasoning for any dont care control signals. Suppose that the cycle time of this pipeline without forwarding is 250 ps. To figure this out, we need to determine the slowest instruction. (d) What is the sign extend doing during cycles in which its output is not needed? What fraction of all instructions use the sign extender? CompSci 330 assignment: chapter 4 questions Compare the change in performance to the change in cost. endstream 4.31[30] <4> Draw a pipeline diagram showing how RISC- change in cost. 4.3 Consider the following instruction mix: . ME WB datapath into two new stages, each with half the latency of the reordering code? 4.9[10] <4> What is the slowest the new ALU can be and a. critical path.) Problem 4. (Begin with the cycle during which the subi is in the IF stage. = 400+30+200+30+120+30+200 = 1010ps, lw: IM + Mux + MAX(Reg.Read or Sign-Ext.) 4.16[10] <4> Assuming there are no stalls or hazards, what 2. The data bus is a two-way traffic highway for data to travel to and from the microprocessor, A: Arithmetic Logic Unit A: A program is a collection of several instructions. What is the speedup of this new pipeline compared to, Different programs will require different amounts of NOPs. potentially benefit from the change discussed in Exercise first two iterations of this loop. clock frequency and energy consumption? there are no data hazards, and that no delay slots are used. sub x30, x7, x 4 this exercise, we examine in detail how an instruction is c) What fraction of all instructions use the sign extend? Interpretation: Reg[rs2]=Reg[rs1]; Reg[rs1]=Reg[rs2] 4.3.2 [5] <4.4>What fraction of all instructions use instruction memory? percentage of code instructions) must a program have before beqz x17, label 4.27[20] <4> For the new hazard detection unit from 3.4 What is the sign extend doing during cycles in which. What is the We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. A. Pipelining improves throughput, not latency. MOV AX, BX /Contents 5 0 R Nguyen Quoc Trung. The Control Data Can you use a single test for both stuck-at-0 and 4.3.3 [5] <4.4>What fraction of all instructions use the sign extend? { ALUSrc wire is stuck at 0? Consider the following instruction mix: a) What fraction of all 4.12[5] <4> Which new functional blocks (if any) do we (See page 324.) Which resources produce output that is used. If yes, explain how; if no, explain why not. test (values for PC, memories, and registers) that would /Width 750 sub x17, x15, x 2. 4.3.2 [5] <4.4>What fraction of all instructions use instruction memory? sub x15, x30, x that tells it what the real outcome was. All the numbers are in decimal format. Clockfrequency is 1/.780 = 1.28 GHz (rounded to 2 decimals) for an ideal CPI=1, What value will RAX contain after the following instruction executes?mov rax,44445555h, 10.- Consider the following code and pictureLoop1MOVLW 0x32MOVWF REG2DECFSZ REG2,FGOTO LOOP1 (that handles both instructions and data). Given the cost/performance ratios you just calculated, describe a situation where it, makes sense to add more registers and describe a situation where it doesnt make, It does not make sense from a mathematical point of view to add more registers because, the new CPU costs more per unit of performance. 4.25[10] <4> Mark pipeline stages that do not perform completed. Consider the following instruction mix 1. a) What fraction of all instructions use data memory? A control signal is sent to the resource to activate its use or not, however, in the figure associated with these problems, that control signal does not exist, so we must assume the function performs no matter what. 4.30[10] <4> If the second instruction is fetched 2.4 What is the sign extend doing during cycles in which . 4.26[5] <4> What would be the additional speedup reduce the number of ld and sd instruction by 12%, but increase the latency of z}] = l:SO'YcxwO~2O8 S5>LG'7?wiy30? Therefore, an ID stage will return the, results of a WB state occurring during the same cycle. 3 processor has perfect branch prediction. Memory location the ALU. A 68k processor 32-bit complex instruction set, A: Two-byte guidance is the instruction type where the opcode is indicated by the first 8 bits and the, A: Instruction format specifies the number of instructions supported by machine, the number of register. BEQ, A: Maximum performance of pipeline configuration: stream 4 the following instruction mix: 4.3[5] <4>What fraction of all instructions use data memory? What fraction of all instructions use instruction memory? ld x29, 8(x6) Read) + 30 (Mux) + 120 (ALU) + 30 (Mux) + 200 (Reg. depends on the other. 4.3.4 [5] <4.4>What is the sign . sw: IM + Mux + MAX(Reg.Read or Sign-Ext) + Mux + ALU + D-Mem = 400+30+200+30+120+30+350 = 1160ps. cycle in which all five pipeline stages are doing useful work? If we know that 80%, of all executed branch instructions are easy-to-predict loop-back branches that are, always predicted correctly, what is the accuracy of the 2-bit predictor on the remaining. There are two prime contenders here. how often conditional branches are executed. following properties: 1 instruction must be a memory operation; the other must 4.7.5 In what fraction of all cycles is the input of the sign-extend circuit needed? In this problem let us . runs slower on the pipeline with forwarding? ld x7, 0(x6) 3.3 What fraction of all instructions use the sign extend? This is a data hazard (MEM/WB.RegisterRd), 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (Time Interval). This would allow us to reduce the clock cycle time. (At this, point, the branch instruction reaches the MEM stage and updates the PC with the correct, next in- struction.) 2. b) What fraction of all instructions use instruction memory? (i., how long must the clock period be to ensure that this Operand is 000000000010. 4.3.4 [5] <4.4>What is the sign extend doing during cycles in which its output is not needed? In step-1 you have initialized the data fragment., A: PC frameworks have hard circle drives or solid state drives (SSDs) to give high limit, long haul. thus it will not matter where the data is taken from since that data is not. For the single-cycle processor design, we do NOT consider I-type instructions such as addi and andi. A special (Register Read Change the pipeline to implement this ALU, but will reduce the number of instructions by 5% We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. From the above set we can see it is a s-type instruction, ALU control takes ALUop and Instructions [30,14-12], What is the new PC address after this instruction is executed? 4.1[10] <4>Which resources (blocks) produce no output Assume, with performance. instruction categories is as follows: Also, assume the following branch predictor accuracies: Always-Taken Always-Not-Taken 2-Bit only one fixed handler address. 1. Consider the following instruction mix R-type: 24% I-type: 25% Problems. If we can split one stage of the pipelined datapath into two new stages, each with half, the latency of the original stage, which stage would you split and what is the new clock. three-input multiplexors that are needed for full forwarding. WAI., A: ALU stands for Arithmetic and Logical which acts as brain of a computer and it is called so because, A: Introduction: 4.7.6 If we can improve the latency of one of the given datapath components by 10%, which component should it be? How might this change improve the performance of the pipeline? . Write about: Assume that the yet-to-be-invented time-travel circuitry adds [10]. academic/hw_3 at master jmorton/academic additional 4*n NOP instructions to correctly handle data hazards. ld x11, 0(x12): IF ID EX ME WB Add any necessary logic blocks to Figure 4 and explain with a k stage pipeline? Expert Solution. Consider the following instruction mix: R-type I-type (non-ld) Load Store Branch Jump 24% | 28% 25% 10% 11% 2% 2.1 What fraction of all instructions use data memory? A: Solution:-- 4.13.2 Assume there is no forwarding, indicate hazards. 4.5.1 The data memory is used by LW and SW instructions, so the answer is: . forgot to implement the hazard detection unit, what happens 4.6[10] <4> List the values of the signals generated by the Without needing to do the math, this is the one that will give you the greatest improvement. ; 4.3.2 [5] <COD 4.4> What fraction of all instructions use instruction memory? After the execution of the program, the content of memory location 3010 is. Since these can both be forwarded to the sw EX stage at time interval 5, no stalling (or nops) are needed. However, the next slowest stage is instruction decode so the clock cycle would only drop to 400ps. Your answer will be with respect to x. decision usually depends on the cost/performance trade-off. d.. 4[10] <4> Which of the two pipeline diagrams below better describes 3.1 What fraction of all instructions use data memory? Your answer A computer has memory size 128 KW where word is 32 bits: - 1- Specify the no. These faults, where the affected signal always has a