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She knew that if the soldiers heard the crying baby they were both sure to die, Mae Parry wrote, The only way Anzee Chee believed for one of them to live was to throw the baby into the river, and that she did.. The Bear River Massacre Utah Stories from the Beehive Archive Instead, Young chose Salt Lake Valley. According to some later reports, some Shoshone were seen trying to cast lead ammunition during the middle of the battle and died with the molds in their hands. [6] The manuscript was written in ink on a large sheet of letter paper folded in half to provide four pages measuring 19.3 cm by 30.6 cm. In the early spring of 1862, Utah Territorial Superintendent of Indian Affairs, James Duane Doty, spent four days in Cache Valley and reported: "The Indians have been in great numbers, in a starving and destitute condition. "[41], The final catalyst for Connor's expedition was a Shoshone attack on a group of eight miners on the Montana Trail. [29], Zachias Van Ornum, Alexis' brother, heard from a relative on the Oregon Trail that a small white boy of his missing nephew Reuben's age was being held by a group of Northwestern Shoshone, likely to be in Cache Valley. Small detachments have been leaving for the North for several days. Reid, Kenneth C. His main concern was to avoid the problems that McGarry had faced in the earlier action, where the Shoshone had moved and scattered even before his troops could arrive. William Beach left home in 1849 at the age of seventeen, joining thousands of young men who headed west to the California gold fields, hoping to find their fortune. Marshal and Mormon scout, Orrin Porter Rockwell.[52]. For example, for years, residents and officials believed Franklin and the area of conflict was part of the Utah Territory. They still regret it 400 years later. The toll would almost certainly have Rebellion, 1861 . Colonel Patrick Edward Connor and about 200 California Volunteer Troops swooped down on a Northwestern Shoshone winter village located at the Beaver Creek and Bear River crossing in the Cache Valley . The Bear River Massacre, also known as the Battle of Bear River and Massacre at Boa Ogoi, occurred January 29, 1863. In one account of the brutality, Danish immigrant Hans Jasperson in his 1911 autobiography, said he walked among the bodies, counting 493 Shoshone Indians dead, according to a 2008 article in the Salt Lake Tribune. The cry for quarters fell upon deaf ears as the bloody work continued. On Jan. 29, 1863, Connors unit of almost 300 infantry and cavalry came down a frozen, wintry bluff into the Shoshones winter camp. April 19, 2016. After the Civil War started in 1861, President Abraham Lincoln sent regiments from the 3rd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry in the Union Army who were stationed at Fort Douglas near Salt Lake City to help protect the mail routes and telegraph lines that ran through the Cache Valley area. Add an RSC shortcut to this device's Homescreen, In the menu, scroll past any icons and tap. Soldiers got Medals of Honor for massacring Native Americans. The survivors took refuge along the Portneuf River, where they hid among the bullrushes and willow trees. While the incidents took place in proximity, the administrative centers dealing with them were more than 1,000mi (1,600km) apart, so it was difficult to integrate reports. Madsen's longer assessment of the Bear River Massacre. [71], This conflict marked the final significant influence of the Shoshone nation upon Cache Valley and its immediate surroundings. The miners missed a turn and ended up mired and lost on the western side of the Bear River, unable to cross the deep river. On Jan. 5, 1863, 10 miners traveling south on the Montana Trail were said to have been murdered by Indians. Beach had enlisted in the California Volunteers on December 8, 1861, in San Francisco. [26], On September 9, 1860, Elijah Utter was leading migrants on the Oregon trail when they were attacked by a group of presumably Bannock and Boise Shoshone. 185 Heber J. U.S. Army Col. Patrick E. Conner, who in 1863 led the California Volunteers from Camp Douglas to massacre the Northwestern Band of the Shoshone in the Cache Valley on January 29, 1863, There were skirmishes with settlers as Native Americans, who didn't have any concept of personal property, stole horses and killed cattle for food. Other accounts tell of soldiers ransacking the Indian stores for food and souvenirs and killing and raping women. The massacre occurred on a bend in the river at Cornwallis, about 4km from what is now Richmond. When he found that it was not the Northern California stream, he briefly researched the Connor expedition. The event was known to them as the Massacre at Boa Ogoi. ", "Bear River Massacre Victims Laid to Rest", Jessie L. Bonner, "Tribe marks massacre with burial ground gathering", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bear_River_Massacre&oldid=1149898332. The Indians were slain after soldiers came into a valley where they were camping for the winter and attacked, leaving about 90 women and children among the dead. Rafael Trujillo was in power from 1930 until his assassination in 1961 From late September to mid-October that year, men, women and children were rounded up, then beaten or hacked to death for just. . White emigration traffic continued on the trails, dividing the great buffalo herds and shrinking them. From his map, historians learn for the first time that some of the Shoshonis broke from the fortified ravine on horseback. John R. Gillis (Princeton, NJ: Prince- Chased by soldiers with her baby strapped to her back, Anzee Chee a Shoshone woman jumped into the river and hid under an overhang along the bank. It almost annihilated us as a people, said Darren B. Parry, former chairman of the Northwestern Band of the Shoshone Nation. On January 23rd 1863 the River became the namesake of the Bear River Massacre, where more than 400 Shoshone men, women and children were slaughtered by United States Army soldiers under the command of Patrick Edward Connor. One of the survivors included chief . Chief Sagwitchs 12-year-old son Yeager Timbimboo, whose Shoshone name Da boo zee meant cottontail rabbit became caught in the gunfire and looked for shelter.